Acute kidney failure

It is also called acute renal failure or acute kidney injury. These occurs when the kidneys suddenly unable to filter waste products from blood. When the kidneys lose of filtering ability, dangerous levels of wastes may accumulate and the blood chemical will become imbalance. The condition develops rapidly over a few hours or a few days. It is most common in people who are already hospitalized, particularly in critically ill people or those with intensive care. It can be fatal and requires intensive treatment. However, acute kidney failure may be reversible which recover the normal kidney function.

Symptoms

• Bloody stools
• Breath odor
• Slow, sluggish movements
• Swelling (fluid retention)
• Fatigue
• Pain between ribs and hips
• Hand tremor
• Bruising easily
• Changes in mental status or mood, especially elderly
• Decreased appetite
• Decreased sensation, especially in hands or feet
• Prolonged bleeding
• Seizures
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Hiccups
• Elevated blood pressure
• Metallic taste

Causes

• Blood or fluid loss
• Blood pressure medications
• Heart attack
• Heart disease
• Infection
• Liver failure
• Use of aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others), naproxen (Aleve, others), or related drugs
• Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis)
• Severe burns
• Severe dehydration
• Condition that slows blood flow to kidneys
• Direct damage to kidneys
• Kidneys' urine drainage tubes (ureters) become blocked and wastes can't leave body through urine

Action Plans

1. Try to choose lower potassium foods for instance the apples, cabbage, green beans, grapes and strawberries. High-potassium foods include bananas, oranges, potatoes, spinach and tomatoes. 
2. Lower the amount of sodium intake each day by avoiding products with added salt, including many convenience foods, such as frozen dinners, canned soups, fast foods, salty snack foods, canned vegetables, processed meats and cheeses.
3. Limit phosphorus which found in foods such as milk, cheese, dried beans, nuts and peanut butter. Too much phosphorus in blood can weaken bones and cause skin itchiness. 
4. Exercise most days of the week, avoid tobacco and alcohol
5. Have regular check-ups with doctor